Immigration And The United States - 1240 Words

Today the United States is the home to the largest immigrant population in the world. Even though immigrants assimilate faster in the United States than any other developed nations, immigration policy is still a highly controversial issue. The steady increase in the immigrant population in America enrages the natives who think the immigrants take away jobs opportunities, benefit from government benefits unfairly, increase crime and terrorism in the country, and do not integrate into mainstream social and political life which threatens to erase this country’s culture and distinctive character. However, economic theory predicts and academic research confirms immigration has a net positive effect on the natives and the overall economy.†¦show more content†¦border, one would think illegal immigration is on the rise, but in fact it isn’t. The number of people crossing illegally in to the United States have declined over the last nine years (Edwards, 2016). This is d ue to the reason that Mexico’s economy is getting better, and fewer Mexicans want to leave their country. Working with Mexico improve both country’s economy will be more beneficial than increasing border security. Giving Mexicans a reason to stay will be better for both countries in the long run. The immigrants who have recently arrived in the United States the most educated in history. The recent immigrants are more likely to have a university degree than the native-born counterpart (Zong, 2017). This is good for the employers because as workers they are going to be more productive and require less management. Being already educated, they are less likely to need on the job training which will cost the employer money. Immigrants being educated not only improves the labor market, but also helps improve the society’s health, promote citizenship and contain violence. The problem of competing for lower wage jobs against immigrants will decrease. In the past immi grants had negative wage effects for those native born Americans without a high school diploma, for these individuals, immigration caused a 1.1 percent drop in yearly wages. ThisShow MoreRelatedImmigration And The United States986 Words   |  4 PagesImmigration in the United States continues to increase rapidly year by year. According to an analysis of monthly Census Bureau data by the Center for Immigration Studies, the immigration population in the United States, both legal and illegal, hit a record of 42.1 million in the second quarter of this year, an increase of 1.7 million since the same quarter of 2014 (CIS.org). Clearly, Immigrants make up a large part of the population in the United States, and for most immigrants, migrating to theRead MoreImmigration Of The United States1399 Words   |  6 Pages Michelle Faed English 126 Immigration in the United States The United States of America, being a country established by immigrants, is known all over the world as the land of great opportunities. People from all walks of life travelled across the globe, taking a chance to find a better life for them and their family. Over the years, the population of immigrants has grown immensely, resulting in the currently controversial issue of illegal immigration. Illegal immigrants are the people whoRead MoreImmigration And The United States965 Words   |  4 Pages Immigration is a highly controversial and big problem in the United States today. â€Å"While some characterize our immigration crisis as solely an issue of the 11 to 12 million unauthorized immigrants living in this country, our problems extend beyond the number of undocumented people to a broader range of issues. The lack of a comprehensive federal solution has created a slew of lopsided, enforcement-only initiatives that have cost the country billions of dollars while failing to end un authorizedRead MoreImmigration On The United States1302 Words   |  6 PagesImmigration Rights in the U.S. Immigration has occurred in the U.S. for for many years. Some say it’s the foundation of our country. America is the country where people leave their own country to live. People would leave due to mistreatment, hunger issues or job opportunities. America is known for starting over or accomplishing dreams, so immigrants travel over to follow those dreams. People emigrate from one country to another for a variety of complex reasons. Some are forced to move, due to conflictRead MoreThe Immigration Of The United States1711 Words   |  7 PagesThe vast majority of people living in the United States are descendants of immigrants, and yet majority of them are against them. It is quickly forgotten that America was built on immigrants that wanted a new life. A life free from harsh government, and the freedom from forced religion. The original settlers were immigrants that stole this land; immigrants continued to come for years. It is not a newly constructed concept that immigrants have always been a problem, ask any Native American. One usedRead MoreImmigration Of The United States1064 Words   |  5 Pages Camarota (2007, p.1), director of the Immigration Studies Center, reports there are 1.6 million documented and undocumented migrants take up residence in the United States every year. Camarota goes on to say that the immigrants occupy one-eighth of the total population who settled in the U.S. The flood of aliens, to a significant degree, hinders the development of the United States. Therefore, the issues which relate to immigration must not be neglected, and the government should keep the numberRead MoreImmigration And The United States Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pages Immigration has been a large conversation topic for such a long time in our country. We have worked on policies for immigration, and have made changes to them throughout the duration of our country’s existence. This topic is always worth mentioning and important, but has become a bigger topic once again due to presidential elections and the conversations being had about immigration from said elections. It is not necessarily easily seen if the concern with immigration is who is here legally or limitingRead MoreImmigration Of The United States1565 Words   |  7 PagesA native of Mexico, Gonzalez came to the United States using a visa, to visit family members and in 1994, police convicted Gonzalez of the abduction and rape of a Waukegan, Illinois woman. During his conviction his attorney, Vanessa Potkin, addressed that at twenty years old, Gonzalez spoke very little English, had no criminal record, and yet the police wanted to pin the crime on him. Twenty years later, DNA from the crime cleared him of both charges, and Gonzalez is now threatened with deportationRead MoreImmigration : The United States1087 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States is a popular and powerful which many people admire. It is very true that the country prospect and is more enrich. O pening the border might improve the economy or can impact the job market for American citizens. It is the jobs of American citizens to be given more to this illegal immigrant. I believe the U.S. borders should remain closed. While it is clear that opening the borders can have benefits, I believe it is more important to keep jobs available for Americans. In my opinionRead MoreThe Immigration Of The United States1632 Words   |  7 PagesFrench and European to settle in the New World. Since the colonial era, America has seen a wave of immigrants migrate in search of freedom and equality. Is this the same immigration today? Nearly 11.6 million immigrants from Mexico reside in the U.S. Today Immigration has a significant impact on many aspects of life in the United States, from the workforce and the classroom to communities across the country. Not all immigrants come to America legally whether as naturalized citizens, legal permanent residents

Effects Of Genetically Modified Foods On Health And The...

The â€Å"OMG† About â€Å"GMOs† Molecular biologist Nina Fedoroff once said, â€Å"Myths about the dire effects of genetically modified foods on health and the environment abound, but they have not held up to scientific scrutiny. And, although many concerns have been expressed about the potential for unexpected consequences, the unexpected effects that have been observed so far have been benign† (â€Å"Nina Fedoroff†). With that being said, modified crops are not as bad as many people think. In fact, evidence has been found that genetically modified crops actually benefit the world’s economic and environmental condition. Whether the food helps feed starving children in Africa, or improves the taste of the potato chips that the average American man is eating right now, genetically modified crops have many advantages. Although some scientists may argue that genetically modifying crops have negative impacts, genetically modified crops have positive consequences on society because they help preserve the environment, they have more nutritional value than their organic counterparts, and they heal worldwide hunger. Genetically modified crops have a positive impact on the environment because they limit habitat loss. Although using genetic modification on crops is good for the limitation of the loss of habitat for wildlife, it also benefits humans because it prevents deforestation and the depletion of oxygen. â€Å"Bt cotton, for example, has lowered production costs for cotton and led to increased amountsShow MoreRelatedEssay about Rogerian Argument of Genetic Engineered Foods1161 Words   |  5 PagesRogerian Paper: Genetically Modified Food â€Å"Biotechnology has been used for more than 6,000 years for lots of interesting and practical purposes: making food such as bread and cheese, preserving dairy products and fermenting beer† (Biotechnology - Promising a Brighter Future for the World). Although we do not always realize it, biotechnology is a huge part of our everyday lives, from the medicine we use to keep us healthy, the fuel we use to take us where we need to go, and even the food we eat andRead MoreHarmful Effects Of Genetically Modified Organisms1666 Words   |  7 Pages2015 The Harmful Effects of Genetically Modified Organisms Does one really know how harmful genetically modified foods are to living organisms, or even to the environment? In grocery stores, 70% of the processed food sold contains genetically modified soybeans and corn. Also, a large percentage of canola, sugar beets, and sugar cane are genetically modified. Without even knowing it, Americans have been consuming genetically modified ingredients that have been hidden in their food since 1996. Is itRead MoreCommercialization of Genetically Modified Foods Essay1297 Words   |  6 PagesCommercialization of Genetically Modified Foods Following a for year investigation into the effects of genetically modified crops on the environment, it was found that 2 out of 3 types of genetically modified crops tested were more harmful to the environment. Plus, the only genetically modified crop to be less harmful to the environment was compared to crops that were sprayed with the now illegal herbicide, atrazine. So many experts have dismissed those results untilRead MoreGenetically Modified food should not be banned876 Words   |  3 PagesFood is the basic requirement for living, as more and more people need food while the population was increased every year, food is becoming an important issue in the world. The invention of Genetically Modified food is a reasonable solution to solve this issue. Therefore, the Genetically Modified food should not be banned for several reasons. In addition to the fact that Genetically Modified food already provides benefits to us, there are several considerable profits to agriculture, environment andRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms And The Environment1284 Words   |  6 Pagesabout genetically modified organisms and think that they are god sent other countries are weary of them and think that they are dangerous. While many other countries label genetically modified organisms because they think that people should have a choice whether or not they want to consume them America believes that their people should not have to know therefore taking the people s choice away and making the decision for them. There have been studies that have shown that genetically modified organismsRead MoreGenetically Modified Foods ( Gmos )898 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Have you ever thought about what is in your food?† In today’s society Genetically Modified Foods (GMOs) can be found and purchased in most farmers markets across the United States. Genetically modified foods are designed to resist or tolerate pesticides, insects, and viruses (Segen’s Medical Dictionary). When changing the DNA makeup of an organism it alters the gene pool and can in fact lead to an unstable living environment. Genetically modified food is harmful not only to humans but to all organismsRead MoreAre Genetically Modified Foods Safe and Nutritious? Essay1568 Words   |  7 PagesAre Genetically Modified Foods Safe and Nutritious Genetically modified (GM) foods have taken over the traditional methods of farming by now being planted in over a quarter of the world’s farm land and it is essential that they are labeled for all consumers to see. These genetically modified foods have taken a toll on not only the environment, but human health as well. Those that agree with the genes of crops and other foods being spliced to create a more â€Å"beneficial† product for man state thatRead MorePersuasive Speech: Why We Should Abandon Genetically Modified Food1580 Words   |  7 PagesPersuasive Speech: Genetically Modified Food We all enjoy a cold glass of milk with homemade cookies, a refreshing pop on a hot summer day, and a juicy cob of corn in the summer months. But, do we ever wonder what is really in our food? Because genetically modified foods do not have to be labeled, you will likely never know if the food you are consuming is genetically modified. As a fellow member of the Organic Consumers Association, I am eager to inform you of why genetically modified food is an issueRead MoreGenetically Modified Foods1198 Words   |  5 PagesGenetically modified foods have recently been in the new headlines for both their positive attributes and the negatives of genetic modification, this essay will look at the effects Genetically Modified foods have on the economy, environment and you. Genetically modified (GM) foods refer to crop plants which have been created for human or animal consumption, these foods have had their genetic material modified in a way that would not occur naturally within the food. Desired traits such as increasedRead MoreThe Effects Of Genetic Modification On The Environment And The Human Race1475 Words   |  6 Pagesworld hunger. While it may seem like negative effects would be outweighed by the possibility of solving world hunger, an important issue, the conceivably detrimental effects on the health of the environment and the human race would outweigh the humanitarian goal of stopping world hunger. Genetic modification of crops is not the only possible solution to world hunger. There are other solutions that would not negatively harm the environment. The effects of genetic modification, good or bad, would affect

Criminal Prosecution and Competencies Free Essays

Through movies, we get the impression that police officers have all the right to arrest someone and bring him to court. But the underlying fact in this is that there are some things that must be done before a trial can be reached. For instance, an offender is arrested for committing a crime. We will write a custom essay sample on Criminal Prosecution and Competencies or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are steps in a criminal prosecution which leads to sentencing. During the arrest, the offender is handcuffed and taken to jail. The offender is then taken for booking wherein his photograph and fingerprints will be taken and he will be searched. A strip-search may be necessary at some point. Then, the police will ask about the offender’s personal information such as name, address, date of birth and social security number (American Hunt Saboteurs Association, n. d. ). The next step would be arraignment, which signals the court appearance for a felony or misdemeanor. During this process, the charges to be filed and the penalty applicable once convicted, and the Constitutional rights are recited to the defendant (Nichols, n. d. ). The offender also pleads guilty or not guilty during arraignment, after which the pretrial, readiness hearing and trial dates are set. If the offender does not plead guilty, the next step would be the pretrial hearing. This is the time for both parties to file pretrial motions or issues. Then there would be the discovery. Discovery refers to the information needed for the parties to prepare the case. The next step is motions, wherein both parties can present testimonies or arguments. The readiness hearing will follow. This hearing is mainly held to find out if both parties are ready to proceed (City of Oak, 2003). After these steps, the trial follows. For an offender who pleads not guilty, he will be tried and convicted by either a judge or a jury (American Hunt Saboteurs Association, n. d. ). The judge or the jury decides upon the verdict. This leads to the final step, which is the sentencing. In some areas in the United States, sentencing can be delivered in an expedite manner, or the defendant can return to be sentenced. Before a judge or a jury can put down a sentence, the judge must first hear the sides of the prosecution, victims or their representatives, the defendant and the defense attorney (City of Oak, 2003). Foundational and Decisional Competencies Foundational competencies, which are sometimes called Work Readiness Competencies, refer to competencies which serve as foundation for success whether in the workplace or school. Having foundational skills is very essential especially for workers to be able to learn new industry-specific skills. Foundational competencies are considered fundamental in occupations and industries (State of Minnesota, 2009). Foundational competencies transcend many other forms of competencies, such as ethical competencies, personal effectiveness, work place competencies and so on. Individual and cultural diversity and professional development are also classified as foundational. Take academic competencies as example. The critical competencies that people have learned in an academic setting such as communication, reading and writing, and basic computer skills are necessary in order to succeed in one’s chosen career. Academic competencies are the foundation for other competencies such as occupation and industry specific competencies. Decisional competencies, on the other hand, are categorized under workplace competencies. Possessing excellent decision-making skills is critical in both work place and school. Decisional competencies aid an individual in functioning â€Å"in an organizational setting† (Long Island University, n. d. ). Foundational and decisional competencies can be related in criminal cases, especially ones wherein the defendant suffers from a mental disorder. Foundational competencies can include the defendant’s basic knowledge of the charges and the adversary system as a whole. They also include the ability to â€Å"disclose relevant information to counsel. † Decisional competencies, on the other hand, would include one’s ability to understand legal alternatives and choose among these when necessary (Skeem, et. al, 2004). References American Hunt Saboteurs Association. (n. d. ). Arrest. Retrieved February 4, 2009, from http://www. huntsab. org/arrest. htm City of Oak. (2003). Steps in a criminal case. Retrieved February 4, 2009, from http://www. oakharbor. org/subcategory. cfm? id=12sid=19 Long Island University. (n. d. ). The practitioner scholar model: Program competencies, goals and objectives. Retrieved February 4, 2009, from http://www. cwpost. liu. edu/cwis/cwp/clas/psych/doctoral/forms/PractitionerScholarModel. pdf Nichols, W. P. (n. d. ). Steps in a criminal case. Office of Prosecuting Attorney. Retrieved February 4, 2009, from http://www. co. monroe. mi. us/Monroe/default. aspx? PageId=387 Skeem, J. , Golding, S.. L. Emke-Francis,P. (2004). Assessing adjudicative competency: Using legal and empirical principles to inform practice. In Donohue, W. T. Levensky, E. R. (Eds. ). Forensic psychology: A handbook for mental health and legal professionals. New York: Academic Press. State of Minnesota. (2009). â€Å"Building blocks† for competency models. Retrieved February 4, 2009, from http://www. careeronestop. org/CompetencyModel/pyramid_definition. aspx How to cite Criminal Prosecution and Competencies, Papers

Environmental Sustainability Kangaroo Realtors Pty. Ltd

Question: Discuss about the Environmental Sustainability for Kangaroo Realtors Pty. Ltd. Answer: Introduction The report focuses on conducting both an empirical and case study based discussion associated with the concept of Triple Bottom Line or TBL and its reporting through the use of the GRI standards. The case of a hypothetical construction company based in Australia would be undertaken for generating needed discussions in an effective fashion. Concept of Triple Bottom Lines (TBL) The concept of Triple Bottom Line (TBL) was rendered by John Elkington during 1994. The concept focuses on measuring and evaluating the performance of a business institution based on three main aspects like the financial profit and loss, responsibility of the company towards the greater society and also the internal people operating within the firm and finally the responsibility of the firm towards the natural environment. The measure of financial profits is coined as the bottom line, social and environmental responsibility as the people and environment account of the firm. The TBL constituted by 3Ps focus on measuring the performance of a firm in meeting the objectives of profit, people and the planet over a specific period. Performance evaluation of a firm based on TBL earns significance in that it helps in reflecting on the total cost incurred by the firm and is viewed as an extension of the Balanced Scorecard(Alhaddi, 2015). Relationship of TBL with SD The Triple Bottom Line (TBL) can be effectively integrated with the sustainable development objectives of a business institution. The social aspect in the TBL aims in measuring the revenue and profitability of the firm attributed to social parameters like existence of fair and effective employment practices and also the increased contribution of the firm in promoting social and community based growth. The business corporations are required for developing effective relationship with both its internal and external stakeholders like employees, customers, social communities and also with the government authorities in the region. Nurturing a positive relationship with the social groups contributes in gaining an effective access to potential customers and employees. The social sustainability parameters essentially focus on development of a congenial and effective work atmosphere that in turn encourages the employees for generating increased productivity(Gold et al., 2012). In terms of the environmental dimension the aspect of integration of TBL with sustainable development initiatives requires the reduction of environmental impacts of the operations conducted by the firm. The reduction in the level of impacts on the natural environment contributes in creating a sustainable future for the business institution. Similarly, it also reflects on the waste management and recycling initiatives and also on the initiatives regarding development of carbon footprint undertaken by the firm. Finally, in terms of economic sustainability the integration of TBL with the sustainability objectives focuses on understanding the impacts of the activities of the firm on promoting economic and financial growth in both the institution and along the region as a whole(Gimenez et al., 2012). Significance of TBL in Sustainable Development The Triple Bottom Line (TBL) efforts of the company need to be effectively integrated with the sustainability development objectives of a business institution. The outcomes of the TBL efforts need to be met based on focusing on the mission and vision of the objectives of the institution. The mission and vision statements of the business institution are required to be generated for aptly meeting the short and long-term business and operational objectives. In the course of integration the vision and mission objectives of the firm with the TBL based reporting activities are required to be carried out in a fashion wherein the company management need to focus on the generation of effective information for taking of decisions in an effective fashion. The information is required to be generated on a priority basis and the management should not focus on withholding information from the fear of facing undesirable results and consequences(Barkemeyer et al., 2014). Further, the information rega rding the sustainability efforts of the company are required to be generated based on following the set TBL standards. Information generated thereof by the company management based on following the guidelines as laid down by TBL standards contributes in enhancing the efficacy, consistency and effectiveness of the reports. Further, the measurement of the cost associated with failure in sustaining the quality standards is considered to be a significant part of TBL reporting. The above activity concerning TBL reporting rightly matches with the sustainability efforts of the company reduction and elimination of costs associated with generation of poor quality of products and services(Liu, 2014). A committee on sustainability is required to be constituted by the business institution and is also required to gain the views of other people not involved in the committee for taking decisions in a unanimous fashion regarding the different reporting topics. Information collected from varied sour ces are required to be checked and verified on principles of accuracy such that the information can be potentially generated through the incorporation of TBL reports. Herein, information that are not required to be furnished in the reports are required to be potentially discarded along with the removal of potential jargons for enhancing the level of simplicity and clarity. The TBL report associated with the sustainability efforts of the firm are required to be generated in a straightforward fashion that would be understandable for both the internal and external stakeholders of the firm(Lozano Lozano, 2014). Significance of TBL in Sustainable Construction The demand for the growth of sustainable construction activities on a global scale has required the effective integration of TBL in regards to the sustainability initiatives carried out in the construction industry. In terms of the social dimension in TBL sustainability initiatives in the construction industry not only focus on generation of investments for development of sustainable residential projects bur also focuses on the development of the streets, aesthetic development of the regions and also the development of community centres in the residential complexes. Reflecting on the environmental dimension the integration of TBL in sustainable construction activities essentially focus on investments generated and costs incurred related to management of waste disposal and recycling initiatives and also associated with the incorporation of energy efficient and hybrid lighting systems(Onat et al., 2014). Use of TBL in sustainable construction also aims to understand the level of revenu e gained by the construction and real estate firms based on attracting potential customers to sophisticated and greener residences. Finally, relating to the economic aspect of TBL in sustainable construction contributes in helping the construction companies source for value based construction resources along with identification of local suppliers for helping in availing construction materials with reduced transportation costs. Similarly, it also focuses on the use of high-star ratings electronics appliances for the residential and commercial properties in that the same would contribute in the generation of increased savings in the long run(Shen et al., 2016). TBL Reporting based on GRI The Global Reporting Initiative or GRI was first developed by Ceres, a non-profit institution based in Boston in terms of operating with the United Nations Environmental Program or UNEP. The GRI contributes in generating criteria for measuring the behaviour of a business institution along the three main pillars of TBL. The GRI system is designed based on the tenets of the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or GAAP that contributes in both simplifying and thereby in integrating different accounting methods. TBL reporting based on GRI earns needed popularity and significance in that it helps in clarifying, generation of usability, renders ease of comparison and also enhances the level of influence of the inferences obtained(Llena Talalweh, 2015). The reporting of TBL through use of GRI contributes in managing the impact of a business institution on the TBL such that the same can effectively enhance the parameter of quality and transparency associated with the reporting of sustai nability issues and would also help in generating a balanced and reasonable picture of organisational performance. In fact, over the years the GRI program has been recognised as an effective benchmark in the global landscape related to the measurement, monitoring and also the effective reporting of sustainability activities conducted by a business institution. The GRI based reporting of TBL are essentially carried out based on 11 different principles that in turn are dependent on 146 different indicators associated with the economic, social equity and also the environmental pillar. The different types of economic indicators are like revenue attributing from sales, business profits of the company and also the returns expected from the investments generated(Fonseca et al., 2012). Other economic indicators as identified by GRI also reflect on the level of taxes paid, monetary or income flows in the economy and the level of employment generated. In terms of social equity, the GRI progra m focuses on different criteria like labour or employment practices carried out in the region, impacts generated on the different social communities, human and civil rights and also the responsibility of the products in satiating the needs of the consumers. Finally, reflecting on the environmental dimension the GRI reflects on parameters like quality of air and water resources, level of energy consumed for conducting the business operations and also the level of waste generated and recycled by the company. The applicability of the above GRI reporting system helps the public in visualising the pragmatic efforts regarding sustainability claims made by a firm(Stenzel, 2010). Sustainable Development and Reporting of Kangaroo Realtors Strategies and Analysis on Sustainable Development Effective strategies needs to undertaken by the construction company relating to the fulfilment of sustainability initiatives and also based the incorporation of TBL parameters. The analysis of the benefits along with the various strategies that can be undertaken by the company along the environmental, social and economic paradigms is reflected as under. (Lee et al., 2014) Organisational Profile Kangaroo Realtors Pty. Ltd. operates as an effective construction and real estate organisation operating across different regions like Sydney, Perth, Brisbane and Melbourne regions. The companys head quarters is based in Sydney. Kangaroo Realtors conducts construction activities under different segments associated to retail, hospitality, healthcare, residential and other commercial and office properties. Currently, the company is focusing on the development of greener construction projects through the use of renewable energy and recycled construction materials. TBL Reporting Parameters The TBL based reporting parameters essentially focus on understanding the returns gained by the construction companies relating to the investments and costs generated along social, environmental and economic aspects. The economic aspect effectively focuses on understanding revenues and profits generated along the different sectors like retail, hospitality, and healthcare, residential and commercial properties. The environmental performance of Kangaroo Realtors is potentially measured and reported based on the quanta of renewable energy resources utilised by the company. It also reflects on the level or the percentage of GHG emissions reduced by the construction company and the number of green buildings generated by the company. Further, the environmental reporting standards also reflect on the level of recyclable materials and also on the degree of water efficiency generated by the institution along its operational and construction premises. Finally, the TBL reporting parameters from the social dimension would focus on reflecting the amount of investments generated by the construction company in generation of training and skill development initiatives for its workforce. It also needs to focus on understanding the investments generated by the company for enhancing the health standards of its internal workforce. Governance, Commitments and Engagement The sustainability initiatives undertaken by Kangaroo Realtors Pty. Ltd. are essentially governed based on the construction of a Sustainability Management Committee. The committee would be essentially constituted by directors, environmental experts and also the senior managers of the operation department of the institution. The company is required to effectively commit towards the external legislations and regulations concerning environmental, economic and social sustainability. The management of Kangaroo Realtors also requires for engaging different stakeholder groups like customers, employees, suppliers, local communities, potential shareholders and the regional and central government in conducting its construction functions in an effective fashion. Management Approach Kangaroo Realtors Pty. Ltd. needs to essentially focus on the incorporation of a sustainability manager that focuses on the generation of innovative and creative ideas for helping the construction company in aptly meeting its sustainability goals. Challenges and Issues in Reporting Sustainability The main challenges and issues concerning the reporting of sustainability initiatives by the business institutions can be effectively underlined as follows. In the first place, the sustainability initiatives undertaken by a firm gain increased significance in that the same is undertaken on a continual basis along different annual periods. The companies are thus required to carry out continuous discussion and dialogues with the potential stakeholders of a business institution regarding the sustainability initiatives and objectives of the company(Rosen Kishawy, 2012). The communication activities regarding sustainability efforts of the company can be further enhanced based on the use of internet based communication tools like social media platforms and also electronic mails which in turn require effective training to be imparted to the organisational members. Further, sustainability reporting initiatives gain effectiveness in that the same focuses on monitoring and regulating the acti vities of suppliers. The suppliers are required for potentially abiding by sustainability parameters and thereby needs to effectively focus on integrating the different small and large suppliers for meeting the sustainability objectives. Changes in the regulatory climate require the organisations for further disclosing their sustainability initiatives and actions. The same requires the organisations to operate in a conscious fashion in terms of generating potential investments, reporting and monitoring measures that would further help in gaining needed support from potential stakeholders(Bostrm, 2012). Conclusions and Discussions The report effectively analyses the integration of the TBL with the sustainability development approach of the business institutions while also in using the above approach relating to the conducting of operations for a hypothetical construction company, Kangaroo Realtors Pty. Ltd. It reflects on the dynamic approach on TBL reporting based on GRI standards both on an empirical paradigm and also associated with that of the hypothetical construction company based in Australia. References Alhaddi, H., 2015. Triple Bottom Line and Sustainability: A Literature Review. Business and Management Studies, 1(2), pp.6-10. Barkemeyer, R., Holt, D. Preuss, L., 2014. What happened to the development in sustainable development?. Sustainable Development, 22(1), pp.15-32. Bostrm, M., 2012. A missing pillar? Challenges in theorizing and practicing social sustainability: introduction to the special issue. Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy, 8(1), pp.3-14. Fonseca, A., McAllister, M.L. Fitzpatrick, P., 2012. Sustainability reporting among mining corporations: a constructive critique of the GRI Approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 30, pp.1-14. Gimenez, C., Sierra, V. Rodon, J., 2012. Sustainable operations: Their impact on the triple bottom line. International Journal of Production Economics , 140, pp.149-59. Gold, S., Hahn, R. Seuring, S., 2012. Sustainable Supply Chain Management in Base of the Pyramid Path to Triple Bottom Line Approaches for Multinationals? International Business Review, pp.1-47. Lee, K.H., Ahn, Y.H. Suh, M.J., 2014. Organizational Strategies to Support Sustainability in the Construction Company. Barcelona: World Barcelona. Liu, G., 2014. Development of a general sustainability indicator for renewable energy systems: A Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 31, pp.611-21. Llena, F. Talalweh, M., 2015. Factors Determining Social and Environmental Performance of Islamic Companies: Analysis of Sustainab. Jordan Journal of Business Administration, 11(4), pp.981-97. Lozano, F.J. Lozano, R., 2014. Developing the curriculum for a new Bachelor's degree in Engineering for Sustainable Development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 64, pp.136-46. Onat, N.C., Kucukvar, M. Tatari, O., 2014. Integrating triple bottom line inputoutput analysis into life cycle sustainability assessment framework: the case for US buildings. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment , pp.1-18. Rosen, M.A. Kishawy, H.A., 2012. Sustainable Manufacturing and Design: Concepts, Practices and Needs. Sustainability, 4(2), pp.154-74. Shen, L., Tam, V.W.Y. Gan, L., 2016. Improving Sustainability Performance for Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) Projects. Sustainability, 8(3). Stenzel, P.L., 2010. Sustainability, the Triple Bottom Line, and the Global Reporting Initiative. Global Edge Business Review , 4(6), pp.1-2.

Diglossias Definition in the Context of Language

In many societies especially where there is social biasness there exists two distinct set of languages or dialects that used by the people depending on their social standing in the society. The vernacular dialect or language which is the mother tongue of such societies is usually widespread and is considered to have low prestige and is classified by the scholars as the L variant, endoglossia or basilect. This variant is considered to be of esteem even though it is the common language spoken in such societies.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Diglossia’s Definition in the Context of Language specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is usually associated with people of low social standings in the society such as servants, women and children. In diglossic societies, such groups are considered lesser mortals. On the other hand, the other dialect or language, the H variant, exoglossia or acrolect, is held in high esteem due to its high prestige in the society. This variant is used by high and the mighty in the society; it is preserve for the rich and powerful people. However, its usage may accidentally trickle down to those considered to be of low class. Charles Ferguson while writing in the 15th volume of Word journal aptly captured this state of bilingualism of some sort when he defined diglossia as a stable language situation where a more complex and formal variety dialect or language superposes itself on the vernacular dialect or language that exists in the society. He notes that the new variant is highly codified and greatly deviates from the primary dialect or language hence understanding it requires formal learning process (Ferguson 325 – 326). In such diglossic societies, the two variants of the same language different are so different that it is sometimes almost impossible for one social class to understand the other. This is because the differences run deeper than just the social ladder. The way these two social groups pronounce the same words are different too. Moreover, the way these two groups structure their sentences are different even though they aim at expressing the same thing in most cases. In addition, they also modify their words in such a way that the two dialects or language become very different from each other yet so closely related. In some cases, the divergence that exists between the two dialects may be so extreme that any traces of common origin may be hard to find and the reverse is also true. Considering such differences, many scholars and linguists have in many cases classified these two dialects or languages which share a common origin as two distinct dialects or languages. Diglossia is a common occurrence in many regions, countries and states in the world. For example, in Switzerland the two languages (Standard German and Swiss German) have a complementary distribution (Rash 121 – 125). Charles Ferguson also notes t hat in Indian societies, diglossia exists where the two distinct social groups use the Standard Arabic and vernacular Arabic in which case Standard Arabic is considered to be the H variant and the vernacular Arabic the L variant. This is also the case in Haiti where Standard French is considered to be of high prestige than Creole, Greece where Katharevousa is for the chosen few while Dhimotiki is the vernacular and of low esteem and Alsace region of France.Advertising Looking for research paper on languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The society in this populous region is diglossic as they use both the Alsatian language and French. French is considered as the high prestige language (L variant) and the vernacular the low prestige dialect. However, the Alsace region is a case study of how diglossia can go beyond just one language undergoing divergent linguistic evolution to become two dialects which are closely related. It shows that diglossia in the society can also exist between distinct and unrelated languages (Fishman 29 – 38). However, some scholars believe that there exists an intermediate language or dialect in a diglossic society which is not preserved to any social group. Such is the scenario being witnessed in Jamaica where Jamaican Creole is considered to be of low esteem and Standard English is considered to be of high prestige. However, there exists a mesolect depending on the speaker’s social, political and economic status in the society. Just like they have differences in terms of pronunciation, word modification and sentence structure, these two dialects also have different functions. It is important to note that in totally diglossic societies, misusing either of the two dialects would not only be considered offensive and hence punishable by law, it can lead to rejection and scorn in the society. Ferguson in his writings notes that using the L variant in the section of t he society belonging to the H domain would not only be considered disgraceful, it will also be preposterous and anomalous. Thus, these dialects have specific functions they perform in any given diglossic society. The low esteem variant (L) is used in informal gatherings and situations. It is used in market places to transact informal businesses which are a common feature of the low social class. It is also used in informal conversations, in the streets, and cinema. For amusement purposes, this variant has for many decades served as the juice in many jokes in plays, television shows, films and even conversations between friends and families (Ferguson 336 – 337). On the other, the high prestige variant (the H dialect) is used in formal domains such formal business transactions, and in preaching. Moreover, proper education which is in line with international standards can only be achieved when the high prestige dialect is used. Leaders always try to reach the masses locally and globally while making public speeches. However, the meaning and purpose of such important speeches will be lost without using the proper dialect; the high prestige dialect or language. Clearly, these dialects serve one purpose: showing a distinction and defining a social order in the society.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Diglossia’s Definition in the Context of Language specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They aim at defining the social order in a given society which is usually heterogeneous. Such societies can be divided socially along the lines of power, money, education level and such demographic parameters such as age and sex. Based on these factors, the diglossic society will have various social groups associated with a given dialect. The distinction between these two closely related dialects does not just stop at usage; they also differ in terms of acquisition. The low esteem dialect of lan guage is usually associated with the conservative social group in the society. In most cases, such groups do not allow for any literature of their dialect to be made. Thus, it being a mother tongue, it is not taught but rather learned through instinct. The dialect is passed from generation to generation and to others through listening. On the contrary, the H dialect is usually associated with a liberal domain in the society which allows for literature of their language or dialect to be made. Thus, the high prestige dialect is acquired through a learning process and is mostly taught in learning institutions. Unlike the L dialect, it has numerous literature materials such as dictionaries and conical texts written purposely for its acquisition. This availability of such literary materials is mainly due to the complexity of the H dialect or language. The sentence structure, tenses and the general grammar associated with the H language is usually more complex than in the case of L varian t. It is such differences in functions and complexity that has driven many scholars to conclude that the only language or dialect is the high prestige variant and not the simple and not vernacular dialect (Ferguson 338). This view is biased though because such scholars usually belong to the H domain in the society. These two dialects have a value attached to them. However, the prestige of these two languages is usually measured by the scholars who belong to the H domain in the society who use the characteristics of the H dialect as the yardstick for measuring the quality of the L variant. The prestige language, like it name suggests, is considered to be of high value hence is considered as the standard language. This gives credence to the fact that the H dialect is used in all formal gatherings and situations including teaching, preaching and public speaking. It is associated with splendor and is used as the measure of true scholarliness. On the contrary, the L language is associate d with primitivism and just like its name suggest, it is of low value in the society that is why it is associated with the less mortals. Anyone using that dialect is usually considered to be rude and in most case, indecorous (Ferguson 339 – 340). All in all, these dialects serve an important role in determining how interacts in the society and as such should be preserved and respected for what they are and the purpose they serve.Advertising Looking for research paper on languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited Ferguson, Charles. â€Å"Diglossia†. Word, 15.2(1959): 325–340. Print. Fishman, Joshua. â€Å"Bilingualism with and without Diglossia: Diglossia with and without Bilingualism†. Journal of Social Issues 32.2(1967): 29–38. Print. Rash, Felicity. The German Language in Switzerland: Multilingualism, Diglossia and Variation. Berne: Peter Lang, 1998. Print. This research paper on Diglossia’s Definition in the Context of Language was written and submitted by user Lydia Bradford to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Guide to Writing Argumentative Essays in Management All Under Control!

Guide to Writing Argumentative Essays in Management All Under Control! What Is an Argumentative Essay in Management? An argumentative essay is an essay that discusses both sides of a specific issue. Various ideas may be presented equally, or one side may be shown more forcefully in comparison with another side, depending on the writer’s position regarding the particular topic. The main goal of an argumentative essay is to approach the problem from various angels and provide a different perspective on the issue. This type of essay requires one to conduct thorough research and gather and evaluate a considerable amount of data. The argumentative essays in management aim to cover different concepts about organizing, coordinating, and planning that are the basis of management studies. As management studies and theories greatly expanded over the last decades, numerous debatable and even controversial approaches appeared. Argumentative essays in management analyze strong and weak sides of various aspects of these approaches and provide the audience with a full understanding of the topic. Choosing a Topic for an Argumentative Essay As a usual rule, choosing a topic for an argumentative essay in management comes without difficulties as there is a wide range of issues and problems that may be discussed in the management studies. However, it is crucial to pay attention and choose a topic that was not widely discussed and explained before or approach this issue from a new perspective otherwise. Some of the examples of argumentative essays in management include: Cultural Differences in Various Approaches to Managing People; Is an Effective Manager an Effective Leader? The Significance of Stress Reduction Strategies; Successful Management of Human Resources; Different Approaches to Team Building; Manager’s Response to Crisis; Challenges of Supply Chain Management; The Evolving Nature of Team Work; Understanding the Difference between Leadership and Management; Management of Diversity in the Changing Era of Globalization and Modernization. Pre-Writing Tips In case the topic was not provided by the professor, the student should choose one on his/her own. Selecting a topic is the first and most crucial part of the pre-writing process. One of the essential aspects that one needs to realize is that the process of developing a topic for an argumentative essay in management is specific in several ways. Firstly, one who is considering different issues for an argumentative essay in management should avoid selecting those topics they feel passionate about because of the possibility of bias. The student should remain focused on providing the audience with information supported by facts and data but without any indications of partiality. Another important aspect is the need to focus on a narrow and specific topic, without deepening into unnecessary or irrelevant details. The next step is making a thorough research on the topic. The author should gather enough relevant material in order to write a successful argumentative essay. The students should not overestimate their knowledge on the issue. Even if they have prior knowledge about the topic, that is crucial to broaden that knowledge by conducting research and gathering additional information. One may start by reviewing reading materials from the class on the subject, lecture notes, or presentation slides. After gaining the necessary information, it is time to create the paper’s structure and a thesis statement. One may write down all the aspects they aim to cover in the essay and organize it properly. One may consider using secondary sources to gain more information for analysis after the structure of the essay is formed. One may use numerous management journals that contain a wide variety of relevant articles to find evidence to support their points. There should be created a considerable b ase of sources that one should use to support their claims and points. The successful argumentative essay is based on the facts and data that come from reliable and credible sources. While working on the development of the essay structure, the student should focus on covering the most important details and leaving out the irrelevant information for the particular issue. There are several strategies that may help conduct productive research. Firstly, one may write down on paper any thoughts regarding the topic that come to their mind, without considering their relevance. Such a strategy is called free writing, and it allows creating the general image of the paper. After all the ideas were written down, the student may analyze them and highlight the most crucial. Another way to make the paper meaningful and deep is called questions asking. While forming an essay structure, one may ask themselves such questions: Why should anyone be interested in this particular topic? Why is it significant to discuss this issue? What value does the presented information contain? Why is it important to include this point? Is there anything else I have to say about this topic? While preparing for writing the essay, it is essential to consider the target audience. The class assignment that will be read only by the instructor and the paper for the conference should be written in different ways. One should focus on writing in such a way that is expected from his/her and focus on the necessary details. Structure of an Informative Essay The structure of an argumentative essay is not any different from a typical structure of an academic essay. The paper starts with an introduction that explains why the audience should be interested in the presented topic. A well-constructed thesis statement is the most critical part of the introductory paragraph that usually is the last sentence of the introduction. The next part is the body paragraphs. They should include background information, supporting evidence, and counterargument to address all the aspects of the topic. Usually, the argumentative essay contains three body paragraphs, but if the discussed topic is complicated, it is reasonable to write more body paragraphs. The last part of the paper is the conclusion where one should sum up all the presented information and restate the thesis statement. Outline An argumentative essay in management starts with an introduction that contains one or two paragraphs. The purpose of the introduction is to set up and state the main argument. The introductory paragraph should be interesting and drawing the readers’ attention. Additionally, background information should be provided as it will allow understanding the author’s central claim. While writing the argumentative essay in management, it is essential to give a brief explanation of the concepts or theories that will be discussed in the paper. The thesis statement is a vital part of the introduction that should be written at the end of the introductory paragraph. It presents one’s main argument in a clear and understandable way. The next part is the background part. Background is an optional paragraph and may be omitted in some papers. In such cases, this information is included in the introduction part. The purpose of the background paragraph is to provide the basis for proving one’s claim. The necessary elements are a summary of the discussed sources, the definition of the key terms, or explanation of the related management theories or concepts. The next paragraph is the first supporting evidence paragraph. The purpose of this part is to prove the argument. One presents the specific item or detail that will allow the audience to gain a better understanding of the issue. The evidence should be introduced either in a few words or in a full sentence that will prove the claimed fact. The supporting evidence should contain either direct quotes or in-text citations from reliable sources to provide a credible background for the claims. After that, one should explain the evidence and provide their interpretation of it. The explanation of the evidence should show how this evidence proves the point that one wants to make in this paragraph. There should be at least two supporting evidence paragraphs, but there can be more in case the topic is complicated and requires in-depth discussion. The last paragraph of the main body part should be the counterargument paragraph. The main goal of this part is to provide the audience with the opposite perspective of the issue and make the essay more objective in this way. While writing the counterargument, the student should anticipate the objections that the readers can rise while reading the essay. One should carefully consider all of the possible arguments that may be posed against some aspects of their claims. After that, they should insert one or more of those arguments in the essay and refute them. The conclusion paragraph should consist of two parts. Firstly, one may consider reminding the audience of the argument and all the supporting evidence that was used. This includes restating essay’s overall claim and supporting evidence. The conclusion should not include any new information or evidence that was not discussed before. Secondly, the conclusion should illustrate the significance of the issue and why one dedicated their time to research this particular topic instead of some other topics. The conclusion should not include the simply restated thesis statement, but illustrate that the author gained a more complex understanding of the topic. What is more important, by the end of the paper, the reader has to understand what was argued in the paper and be ready to hear the larger point. Post-Writing Tips After the draft of the essay is finished, there are a few essential steps that would help complete a successful argumentative essay in management. For instance, it is essential to proofread the paper and check it for vocabulary and grammar mistakes, coherence, and consistency. One may re-read the story out loud as it would help to hear whether all of the sentences make sense, and the essay goes smoothly. Additionally, it would allow seeing unnecessary or redundant details that should be eliminated. In order to make the essay more elaborated, one may ask their peers to give it a look and provide them with an unbiased opinion. Another person may see some crucial mistakes or weak points that were omitted by the author. There is no difference whether the asked person has or has no prior knowledge on the topic as in both cases, their insights may be extremely useful. The peer who is not an expert in the topic will tell whether the paper is written in a clear and understandable way and whether all of the management theories and concepts are well-explained. The peer who has knowledge on the issue may confirm the quality of the written material. One may create a list of self-check questions that will help understand if the paper is written properly. Does the thesis of the essay reflect the issues that I wanted to discuss? Is the main body paragraphs relevant and address the stated argument? Are the used sources credible? Is the theoretical background of management concepts and theories wide enough? The list of questions may vary, depending on the specific topic of the essay. There are some wide-spread mistakes that should be taken into consideration while proofreading the paper. Firstly, it is writing two identical or very similar claims differently by paraphrasing them. Secondly, adding a lot of information that is irrelevant or not necessary for this specific topic. One more common mistake that is intrinsic to the essays in management is making a statement without referring to a particular concept or theory. There are a lot of concepts and methods in management that may be controversial as they provide a different perspective on the points, and it is crucial to refer to a particular idea. Finally, the draft should be edited according to all the notes that were made in the process of revising and transformed into a final version. It would be useful to take one more look at the essay to check if any minor mistakes were left and correct them. Once the author is confident in their work and does not have any more questions left, the paper may be submitted. References Argumentative Essays. Owl Purdue. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/essay_writing/argumentative_essays.html How to Write My Management Essay? A Concise Guide. ManagerWise. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.managerwise.com/do-my-management-essay-for-college/ Steps for Writing an Argumentation Essay. (n.d.) Lycoming College. Retrieved from https://www.lycoming.edu/academicresourcecenter/argumentation.aspx Tucker, K. (2018). What Are the Five Parts of an Argumentative Essay?. Retrieved from https://www.theclassroom.com/five-parts-argumentative-essay-12064227.html

Capital Structure and Dividend Policy Theory Essay

Capital Structure and Dividend Policy Theory - Essay Example instance Sainsbury's being a retailer basically having a huge presence in the UK, has been described as one of the least leveraged firms with 1.6 billion in debt capital and 8.4 billion in equity. Its total capital value has been estimated at 10 billion (www.j-sainsbury.co.uk). The dividend payout for the financial year 2007/08 was 12.0p per share. Sainsbury's retails sales made profits of 543m on sales of 20.4 billion in 2009 (ending May). This shows an 11% rise over the previous year. Dividend cover is calculated by suing the formula (after tax profits/total dividend paid out). For example if a company made an after tax profit of 75 million and paid out 25 million in dividends in the same period, then (75 m/25 m) 3 is a better dividend cover. Any dividend cover less than 1.5 is considered to be a sign of future trouble for shareholders because there is more likely to be a cut in dividends. In fact Sainsbury's dividend cover for the three years - 2006, 2007 and 2008 - was 1.3, 1.5 a nd 1.63 respectively (Friedrich, 2007).This demonstrates that Sainsbury's is having a difficult time because of its lower leveraged position in the capital/financial markets. Though the company has been making efforts to keep the dividend cover between 1.5 and 1.75, right now its dividend cover is coming down due to the lower leverage. The company has been advised to increase its debt capital by borrowing in financial markets against debentures and bonds rather than issuing ordinary shares. This is where the agency problem plays a pivotal role. Theoretically agency problem arises when managers (agents) have more information about investment related outcomes as against shareholders or owners (principals). This principal agent problem is very strongly seen at Sainsbury's. 2.... The capital structure of the firm refers o the ratio of debt to equity and therefore it’s relevant to know how the dividend policy of the firm is influenced by the theoretical underpinnings of the firm’s capital structure determination process. For example, Sainsbury’s as the retailer in the UK has been seeking to raise more equity as against debt. Next, its inability to increase dividend cover in the recent years to match with its expectations between 1.50 to 1.75 shows that the company has depended on the less risky way of equity financing its capital rather than adopting the riskier way of debt financing. Thus the dividend policy at Sainsbury has run into difficulty. On the other hand, Easyjet has adopted a policy of non-payment of dividends to its ordinary shareholders since its launch in 1995. Just now under pressure from its principal shareholder, Stelios, the Board has agreed to pay dividends from next year. Currently, the company has a debt ratio of 53.72 % thus achieving a marginally higher debt financing ratio. However, its position is no better than that of Sainsbury though the company has made good profits.